routine say
Documentation for routine say
assembled from the following types:
class Mu
From Mu
(Mu) method say
multi method say()
Will say
to standard output.
say 42; # OUTPUT: «42»
What say
actually does is, thus, deferred to the actual subclass. In most cases it calls .gist
on the object, returning a compact string representation.
In non-sink context, say
will always return True
.
say (1,[1,2],"foo",Mu).map: so *.say ;# OUTPUT: «1[1 2]foo(Mu)(True True True True)»
However, this behavior is just conventional and you shouldn't trust it for your code. It's useful, however, to explain certain behaviors.
say
is first printing out in *.say
, but the outermost say
is printing the True
values returned by the so
operation.
language documentation Independent routines
From Independent routines
(Independent routines) sub say
Defined as:
multi sub say(** --> True)
Prints the "gist" of given objects. Same as put
, except uses .gist
method to obtain string representation of the object.
NOTE: the .gist
method of some objects, such as Lists, returns only partial information about the object (hence the "gist"). If you mean to print textual information, you most likely want to use put
instead.
say Range; # OUTPUT: «(Range)»say ; # OUTPUT: «(Foo)»say 'I ♥ Perl6'; # OUTPUT: «I ♥ Perl6»say 1..Inf; # OUTPUT: «1..Inf»
class Proc::Async
From Proc::Async
(Proc::Async) method say
method say(Proc::Async: , : = )
Calls method gist
on the $output
, adds a newline, encodes it as UTF-8, and sends it to the standard input stream of the external program, encoding it as UTF-8.
Returns a Promise that will be kept once the data has fully landed in the input buffer of the external program.
The Proc::Async
object must be created for writing (with Proc::Async.new(:w, $path, @args)
). Otherwise an X::Proc::Async::OpenForWriting exception will the thrown.
start
must have been called before calling method say, otherwise an X::Proc::Async::MustBeStarted exception is thrown.
class IO::CatHandle
From IO::CatHandle
(IO::CatHandle) method say
Defined as:
multi method say(|)
The IO::CatHandle type overrides this method to throw a X::NYI
exception. If you have a good idea for how this method should behave, tell Rakudo developers about it!
class IO::Handle
From IO::Handle
(IO::Handle) method say
Defined as:
multi method say(IO::Handle: ** --> True)
This method is identical to put except that it stringifies its arguments by calling .gist
instead of .Str
.
Attempting to call this method when the handle is in binary mode will result in X::IO::BinaryMode
exception being thrown.
my = open 'path/to/file', :w;.say(Complex.new(3, 4)); # RESULT: «3+4i\n».close;